Transcendentalist Readings

    Fuller's Reading

    Sources: Margaret Fuller's letters, journals, manuscripts, and published writings, assembled in the forthcoming Fuller's Reading Worlds (digital platform).

    Unlike Emerson and Thoreau — whose reading records are reconstructed in large part from the borrowing ledgers of libraries where they were patrons — Margaret Fuller held no borrowing privileges at the Harvard library, and no charging ledger records her name. Her reading must be reconstructed from a different kind of evidence: her letters, journals, reading notebooks, manuscripts, and published writings, where she names, quotes, excerpts, translates, and argues with the books she read. The entries highlighted here — drawn from the forthcoming digital platform Fuller's Reading Worlds, which assembles every such encounter across her life — focus on books that intersect with the cabinet's mystical, philosophical, and comparative-religious terrain: classical philosophy, Neoplatonism, devotional poetry, German idealism, and the visionary and theosophic traditions of East and West.

    Author Title SourceReading Date
    Francis BaconDe Sapientia Veterum (Wisdom of the Ancients)Interprets the Siren legend 'by the interpretation of Bacon upon the legends of the Syren coast.'Woman in the Nineteenth Century—
    Sir Thomas BrowneReligio MediciQuotes at length: 'To credit ordinary and visible objects is not faith, but persuasion.'Life Without and Life Within—
    Richard CrashawSteps to the Temple: Sacred PoemsFuller read and excerpted Crashaw's Steps to the Temple — the same work held in the cabinet.Reading Worlds (authors.json: Crashaw, Richard; 2 records)—
    Nicolas MalebrancheDe la recherche de la vérité [The Search after Truth]Fuller quoted Malebranche's Search after Truth — the same work held in the cabinet.Reading Worlds (authors.json: Malebranche, Nicolas; 1 record)—
    François FénelonLes Aventures de Télémaque [The Adventures of Telemachus]Fuller read Télémaque. Different work than the cabinet's Dissertation on Pure Love, Dialogues of the Dead, and Maxims of the Saints.Reading Worlds (authors.json: Fénelon, François; 4 records)—
    Emanuel SwedenborgArcana Coelestia [Heavenly Mysteries]Fuller read and excerpted the Arcana Coelestia — held in the cabinet.Reading Worlds (authors.json: Swedenborg, Emanuel; 26 records)—
    Emanuel SwedenborgHeaven and Hell [De Caelo et Eius Mirabilibus et de Inferno]Fuller read, quoted, and analyzed Swedenborg's Heaven and Hell — the same work held in the cabinet (London, 1823).Reading Worlds (authors.json: Swedenborg, Emanuel; 26 records)—
    EpictetusEpictetus (works)1826: 'I am studying Madame de Stael, Epictetus, Milton, Racine, and Castilian ballads, with great delight.'Letters of Margaret Fuller (Hudspeth)1826
    NovalisDie Lehrlinge zu Sais; Heinrich von Ofterdingen1832: 'I have read, thoroughly, only two of his pieces, "Die Lehrlinge zu Sais," and "Heinrich von Ofterdingen."' Both are contained in the cabinet's collected Schriften (Berlin, 1836).Letters of Margaret Fuller (Hudspeth)1832
    PlatoEuthyphro; Crito; Apology; PhaedoJune 1833: 'I part with Plato with regret... Eutyphron is excellent'; 'Crito I have read only once, but like it'; 'I was much affected by Phaedo.' First-person dialogue-reading report.Letters of Margaret Fuller (Hudspeth)1833
    Samuel Taylor ColeridgeLiterary Remains1836–37: 'Coleridge's Literary Remains, and drank a great deal from Wordsworth.' Reread and 'ransacked pretty thoroughly.' Not the cabinet's holdings.Letters of Margaret Fuller (Hudspeth)1836–1837
    Francis BaconNovum Organum1836: 'do not let him expect anything of me because I have ventured on a book so profound as the Novum Organum.'Memoirs of Margaret Fuller Ossoli1836
    Johann Gottlieb FichteSystem der Sittenlehre nach den Principien der Wissenschaftslehre1836: 'Fichte I could not understand at all; though the treatise which I read was one intended to be popular.' German idealism; no cabinet holding — thematic connection to the cabinet's philosophical terrain.Letters of Margaret Fuller (Hudspeth)1836
    Samuel Taylor ColeridgeThe Friend1837: 'With the Friend I should never have done therefore must get it for mine own.'Letters of Margaret Fuller (Hudspeth)1837
    George HerbertThe Temple (poems)1837: 'Thomas a Kempis and George Herbert are constantly at my elbow.' Ongoing devotional reading companionship.Letters of Margaret Fuller (Hudspeth)1837
    Amos Bronson AlcottJournals1837: 'I have passed many hours during the last week in the company of your Journals.' Not the cabinet's printed Conversations.Letters of Margaret Fuller (Hudspeth)1837
    Thomas a KempisDe Imitatione Christi1837: 'Thomas a Kempis and George Herbert are constantly at my elbow.' See also the Herbert entry.Letters of Margaret Fuller (Hudspeth)1837
    Elizabeth Palmer Peabody (attrib.)"Nature—A Prose Poem" (United States Magazine and Democratic Review)1838: Fuller read the Democratic Review piece attributed to Peabody. Authorship attribution uncertain in the Reading Worlds record; not the cabinet's Record of a School.Letters of Margaret Fuller (Hudspeth)1838
    PlatoPhaedrus; Symposium (the Banquet)1839: 'I have just been reading Plato's Phaedrus, and last night I banqueted with him.' Reread a volume she had 'had several times before.'Letters of Margaret Fuller (Hudspeth)1839
    PlatoTheaetetus; Philebus1840: 'Theatetus I read with attention and great profit.'Letters of Margaret Fuller (Hudspeth)1840
    Henry MoreCupid's Conflict (poem)1840: received the poem and read it 'with my own pleasure in reading it.' A single poem, not the cabinet's philosophical works.Letters of Margaret Fuller (Hudspeth)1840
    George WitherThe Shepherd's Hunting1841: four-line stanza quoted verbatim in manuscript. Not the cabinet's Britain's Remembrancer.Manuscripts (Houghton Library)1841
    XenophonCyropaedia; Memorabilia1842: 'While here I have been reading (only in translation, alas!) the Cyropaedia and other works of Xenophon.' Different works than the cabinet's holdings.Letters of Margaret Fuller (Hudspeth)1842
    Kenelm DigbyLife of Sir Kenelm Digby (biography)1842: 'I have been reading the lives of Lord Herbert of Cherbury, and of Sir Kenelm Digby.' A life of Digby, not his philosophical work held in the cabinet.Letters of Margaret Fuller (Hudspeth)1842
    ConfuciusConfucian texts (in translation)1844: 'studied much in evenings, Taylor's translations of the old Greek writers, the Confucious, the Desater.' Earlier: 'At one time I used to change from reading Confucius to one of the great religious books of another Eastern nation.' Edition not specified; cannot confirm the cabinet's Latin edition.Letters of Margaret Fuller (Hudspeth); Life Without and Life Within1844
    Thomas TaylorTranslations of the old Greek writers1844: 'studied much in evenings, Taylor's translations of the old Greek writers, the Confucious, the Desater.' The cabinet holds Taylor's translations of Porphyry, Aristotle, and others.Letters of Margaret Fuller (Hudspeth)1844
    PlatoRepublic (Book X)'As I was steeped in the divine tenth book of the Republic.'Memoirs of Margaret Fuller Ossoli—
    Samuel Taylor ColeridgeChristabel; Dejection: An OdeExtended critical engagement with the poems in her published criticism.Papers on Literature and Art—
    George HerbertEmployment (I); Prayer; A True Hymn; Affliction (I); The Church ("Sunday")Quoted verbatim across her essays and letters, e.g. 'as Herbert says:—Sundays the pillars are.'Life Without and Life Within; Papers on Literature and Art; Letters—
    Baruch SpinozaTractatus Politicus (De Democratia, Cap. XI)'The following extract from Spinoza is worthy of attention... SPINOZA. TRACTATUS POLITICI, DE DEMOCRATIA, CAPUT XI.' Quoted in full; the treatise is contained in the cabinet's collected Works.Woman in the Nineteenth Century—
    PythagorasGolden VersesCopied the Golden Verses in manuscript ('Let not soft slumbers close thine Eyes') and quoted them in print. Pythagorean tradition feeds the cabinet's Neoplatonic holdings (Plotinus, Proclus, Iamblichus, Porphyry); no Pythagoras in the cabinet as author.Manuscripts (Houghton Library); Life Without and Life Within—
    AristotleNicomachean EthicsFuller quoted and commented on the Nicomachean Ethics. Different work than the cabinet's Metaphysics and Organon.Reading Worlds (authors.json: Aristotle; 2 records)—
    Jeanne Guyon (Madame Guyon)The Autobiography of Madame GuyonFuller read and excerpted Guyon's autobiography. Different work than the cabinet's Opuscules, Poesies, and Lettres.Reading Worlds (authors.json: Guyon, Jeanne Marie Bouvier de la Motte; 3 records)—
    HesiodTheogonyFuller read and commented on the Theogony — contained in the cabinet's Works of Hesiod (T. Cooke).Reading Worlds (authors.json: Hesiod; 8 records)—
    IamblichusLife of PythagorasFuller read Iamblichus's Life of Pythagoras — the same work held in the cabinet (T. Taylor translation).Reading Worlds (authors.json: Iamblichus; 1 record)—
    William Law[Work not specified in Reading Worlds records]Fuller read and commented on Law; no specific work named in the current records. The cabinet holds Serious Call and other works.Reading Worlds (authors.json: Law, William; 2 records)—
    PindarOdes (Epinician Odes)Fuller read Pindar's odes, represented in the cabinet's Greek and Latin anthology.Reading Worlds (authors.json: Pindar; 2 records)—
    Plotinus[Work not specified in Reading Worlds records]Fuller read and commented on Plotinus; no specific work named in the current records. The cabinet holds the Select Works (T. Taylor).Reading Worlds (authors.json: Plotinus; 2 records)—
    PlutarchParallel Lives; Moralia (incl. De Iside et Osiride)Fuller read, quoted, and excerpted across the Lives and Moralia — both held in the cabinet (Lives, Morals).Reading Worlds (authors.json: Plutarch; 16 records)—
    Proclus[Work not specified in Reading Worlds records]Fuller read and commented on Proclus; no specific work named in the current records. The cabinet holds the Commentaries and Theology (T. Taylor).Reading Worlds (authors.json: Proclus; 2 records)—

    Source

    Fuller's Reading Worlds. Forthcoming digital platform assembling Margaret Fuller's letters, journals, manuscripts, and published writings.